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Thanks Michael. Great discussion to have and your piece is carefully nuanced. I personally don't think it's possible to significantly shift momentum without a change in the incentives for household investment.

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Thanks Bernard. I haven't got around to reading Andrew Coleman's epic series on tax yet, but going by past work I'm sure I'll find a lot to agree with. Does it hit the mark for you, our are you thinking more widely than that?

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I need to. Also a fan of Andrew’s work. Will try to get an interview with him.

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This 2014 paper put 40% NZ's productivity shortfall down to distance and lack of international connectedness, although that left a lot of the productivity puzzle unexplained.

de Serres, Alain, Naomitsu Yashiro, and Hervé Boulhol, An International Perspective on the New Zealand Productivity Paradox. Working Paper 2014/01. New Zealand Productivity Commission.

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My (probably untestable) theory is that distance has become less important over time, which means that scale has become more important as a differentiator across countries. It's not a great answer, but I do think we need to grapple with the idea that these factors change in importance over time - after all, our underperformance really kicked off in the 1960s and it's not as though we suddenly became smaller or more distant then.

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